Special Education That Works for Your Child
When my child was in early elementary school and needed some extra help, we had a meeting about special education services. I remember sitting alone on one side of a big wooden table. As the meeting began, I heard the team talk about my child’s educational needs, but something was missing. They didn’t see the child that I saw at home.
When your child requires special education services, it can be challenging to navigate their needs, the system and your feelings. Yet, knowing how to make that happen can feel impossible.
Be Informed
Educators have experience with special education and all that goes with that. When they talk about your child’s needs, it can feel like they are speaking a different language. Be intentional about learning and understanding the terms and procedures. Familiarize yourself with your child’s Individualized Education Program (IEP) or 504 Plan. Understand the goals, accommodations and services outlined in the plan. Also, familiarize yourself with federal and state laws regarding special education. Understand your child’s rights and entitlements.
Beryl Firestone whose first grader attends Mary Lin Elementary in Atlanta stresses to educate yourself. “Read about IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act) and push for your child to be in the least restrictive environment that will allow them to thrive. Know that the IEP is a fluid document, and you can request a meeting to discuss changes at any time,” she says.
If you are looking at private school options, know the types of questions to ask about a school’s curriculum, philosophy and supports for your child’s needs. Find out if any of the services your child will require mean additional tuition costs.
Monitor Progress
Keep track of your child’s academic and behavioral progress. While it is tempting to only focus on their grades, for example, consider all aspects of their learning and behavior. If possible, request regular updates from teachers or therapists on how your child is doing. This will help you and the education team address issues that arise early to keep things on track.
Foster Open Communication with Teachers and Specialists
The relationship you have with your child’s teachers and specialists makes a big difference in their special education program. Regularly communicate with teachers, therapists and other specialists who work with your child. Establishing a strong relationship with them can help address any concerns or issues promptly.
“Good communication is SO important,” says Firestone. “You want to make sure that the accommodations are, in fact, helping the child, and that he is actually getting the accommodations that your IEP specifies.”
It is imperative to attend parent-teacher conferences and IEP meetings. Be prepared to discuss your child’s progress and ask questions about their educational plan. It can also be helpful to bring another trusted person to these meetings, so you don’t miss anything important.
Observe Classroom Environment
Sometimes a child acts differently in school than they do at home. Other times, it’s hard to gauge what is going on in the classroom through your child’s descriptions. When you make time to observe the classroom environment, you glean more information that helps make sure your child’s program is meeting their needs. Visit your child’s classroom to see how they interact with peers, the teacher and their learning environment. This can provide valuable insights into their daily experiences.
“I love that my child with his IEP can be in a general ed classroom,” says Amy Valerio, mom to a middle schooler in Cobb County. “It teaches him to adapt to the world around him while getting the supports he needs.”
Request Additional Evaluations If Necessary
You have the right to request evaluations. If you suspect that your child’s needs have changed or if you feel that the current plan isn’t effective, request additional assessments or evaluations to reevaluate their needs.
Stay Involved in the IEP Process
Actively participate in the development, review and revision of your child’s IEP. This can be a lot of work, but your input is invaluable in tailoring the plan to meet their specific needs.
Behavioral Analyst and Special Education Professor at Georgia State University Christopher Tullis says to think long-term. “What’s the vision for you child and what do you want to happen next? Think about educational goals and life goals,” he says. “As students get older — middle school age — you should also involve them in the process. Use their likes and dislikes to inform strategies and help reach goals.”
It is also important to make sure the school is following the IEP or 504 plan. These are legal documents. If they are not followed, you may need to seek outside help.
Seek Outside Resources and Support
You cannot do all of this alone. Connect with local and online support groups, advocacy organizations and parent networks. They can provide valuable advice, resources and emotional support. Some lawyers specialize in special education and can help if your school is not meeting your child’s needs or if they are not following the IEP.
“I believe that hiring an advocate is worth the money,” says Firestone. “We worked with Brandi Tanner, and she helped myself and many friends get our children what they rightfully deserve, while also explaining the ins and outs of the special education system.”
Advocate for Your Child
You are your child’s number one advocate. If you have concerns or feel that their needs aren’t being met, voice them to the school’s special education team. Be assertive, but also open to collaboration. Remember, you are all working together to provide the best education for your child.
Tullis notes that it is important to understand each therapist or provider’s role and ensure they are collaborating. “The child should always be at the center,” he says.
Valerio agrees. “Know what you want to ask for and don’t be afraid to get into the nitty gritty,” she says. “Ask for what you know is best for your child. The worst they can say is no.”
If you are able, consult with a professional advocate for advice and guidance. These experts can help you understand the laws and how to navigate through “red tape.”
Consider a Second Opinion
If you’re concerned about your child’s progress, consider seeking a second opinion from an independent professional, such as a developmental pediatrician, psychologist or educational consultant. This can offer a helpful perspective. These professionals can also attend meetings with you.
If you don’t want to seek another professional opinion, Tullis recommends finding a fellow parent who has gone through the IEP process in your county or school system. “Each district has a different process,” he says. “Talking to someone who’s been through it recently will be able to give you pointers.”
Document Everything
Keep a record of all communication with the school, including emails, letters and notes from meetings. This documentation can be valuable if you need to escalate any concerns. “IEPs are living documents,” says Tullis. “The goals should change. If certain items are being mastered, the goal should be revised to reflect that.”
Designate a filing system or binder for all papers that come in, create a folder for emails, and keep a document or notebook for any conversations you have.
Stay Persistent and Patient
Advocating for your child’s needs can be long and challenging. “Don’t give up!” says Valerio. “Everything is super-duper hard, and it moves so slowly. It can be frustrating and hard, but the reward at the end is great.” Stay persistent, but also be patient with the system and the individuals involved. It is helpful to remind everyone that you are all working together to help the child.
Remember, you are your child’s best advocate. By staying informed, involved and proactive, you can help ensure that your child’s special education program is tailored to meet their unique needs and set them up for success.
-Rebecca Hastings
